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15
2023
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11
A brief introduction to shell and tube heat exchangers
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Summary:
Also known as shell-and-tube heat exchangers. It is a type of heat exchanger that uses the wall surface of a bundle of tubes enclosed in a shell as the heat transfer surface. This type of heat exchanger has a relatively simple structure, reliable operation, can be made from various structural materials (mainly metal materials), and can be used under high temperature and high pressure. It is currently the most widely used type. Depending on the compensation measures adopted, shell-and-tube heat exchangers can be divided into four types: fixed tube sheet heat exchangers, floating head heat exchangers, U-tube heat exchangers, and packing box heat exchangers.
1. Working principle and structure of shell and tube heat exchangers
Also known as tube heat exchangers. It is a type of heat exchanger that uses the wall surface of the tube bundle enclosed in the shell as the heat transfer surface. This type of heat exchanger has a relatively simple structure, reliable operation, can be made from various structural materials (mainly metal materials), and can be used under high temperature and high pressure, making it the most widely used type currently. Depending on the compensation measures adopted, shell and tube heat exchangers can be divided into four types: fixed tube sheet heat exchangers, floating head heat exchangers, U-tube heat exchangers, and packing box heat exchangers.
Shell and tube heat exchangers belong to the category of wall-type heat exchangers. Each time the fluid passes through the tube bundle is called a tube pass; each time it passes through the shell is called a shell pass. The fluid channel inside the heat exchange tube is the tube pass, while the fluid channel outside the heat exchanger is the shell pass. When the fluid temperatures in the tube pass and shell pass are different, the higher temperature fluid will transfer heat through the tube wall to the lower temperature fluid, thereby cooling the higher temperature fluid and heating the lower temperature fluid, achieving the heat exchange process.
The main structure of shell and tube heat exchangers includes the tube box, shell, baffle, and tube sheet. The shell of the shell and tube heat exchanger is mainly a circular cylinder, and the tubes are mainly straight or U-shaped. The arrangement of the tubes is mainly in equilateral triangles or squares. When arranged in a triangular manner, a larger number of tubes can be arranged within the same diameter shell, increasing the heat transfer area of the shell and tube heat exchanger. However, this arrangement is difficult to clean and has a higher fluid resistance. Baffles are set in the tube bundle to direct the shell-side fluid, thereby changing the flow direction of the fluid, allowing the tubes to be effectively scoured, improving heat transfer efficiency, and also providing support for the tubes.
2. Precautions for using heat exchangers:
Keep the piping network clean. Whether before or after operation, the piping network must be cleaned to avoid clogging of the heat exchanger. In addition, attention should be paid to cleaning the decontaminators and filters to ensure the smooth completion of the entire heat exchange process.
Strictly control softened water. Before treating the heating medium, check the water quality in the system and the softening tank, and only inject it after confirming that the water quality is qualified.
Inspect new systems. For newly installed systems, they should not be immediately used interchangeably with the heat exchanger. Instead, the new system should operate for a specified period, and only after completing the operational inspection can the heat exchanger be integrated into the system. The purpose of this is to prevent impurities in the piping network from damaging the internal equipment of the heat exchanger.
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Chongqing Southwest Saiwei Heat Exchange Equipment Co., Ltd. is committed to providing customers with excellent heat exchange equipment solutions. With the rapid development of the industrial field, the demand and application of heat exchange equipment are becoming more and more extensive. The company deeply knows that each customer's needs are unique, so customized solutions have become our core competitiveness.
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Chongqing Southwest Saiwell Heat Exchange Equipment Co., Ltd.
Specializing in the research, development, production and sales, equipment consulting, maintenance, and accessory services of heat exchange technology, equipment, and systems, and undertaking the design and installation of thermal system engineering, energy conservation and emission reduction, and energy conservation and emission reduction system engineering.
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